A strategy to make constitutively active MAP kinase by fusing with constitutively active MAP kinase kinase
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چکیده
منابع مشابه
Constitutively active Ras negatively regulates Erk MAP kinase through induction of MAP kinase phosphatase 3 (MKP3) in NIH3T3 cells
The Ras/Raf/MEK/Erk signaling pathway is important for regulation of cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis in response to a variety of extracellular stimuli. Lack of Erk MAPK activation is observed in several cancer cells despite active activation of Ras. However, little is known about the modulation of Erk1/2 activity by active Ras. Here, we show that overexpress...
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In response to extracellular stimuli, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK, also known as ERK), which localizes to the cytoplasm in quiescent cells, translocates to the nucleus and then relocalizes to the cytoplasm again. The relocalization of nuclear MAPK to the cytoplasm was not inhibited by cycloheximide, confirming that the relocalization is achieved by nuclear export, but not synthesis, ...
متن کاملPhosphorylation of Xenopus mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase by MAP kinase kinase kinase and MAP kinase.
Xenopus 45-kDa mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase (MAPKK) is a serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase, which activates MAP kinase (MAPK) by phosphorylating its threonine and tyrosine residues. MAPKK is active only when its threonine and/or serine residues are phosphorylated. We have identified from Xenopus eggs two protein kinases responsible for phosphorylation of MAPKK. The two kinases a...
متن کاملA constitutively active and nuclear form of the MAP kinase ERK2 is sufficient for neurite outgrowth and cell transformation
BACKGROUND Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases are ubiquitous components of many signal transduction pathways. Constitutively active variants have been isolated for every component of the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2 MAP kinase pathway except for the ERK itself. RESULTS To create an activated ERK2 variant, we fused ERK2 to the low activity form of its upstream r...
متن کاملInteraction of MAP kinase with MAP kinase kinase: its possible role in the control of nucleocytoplasmic transport of MAP kinase.
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade consisting of MAPK and its direct activator, MAPK kinase (MAPKK), is essential for signaling of various extracellular stimuli to the nucleus. Upon stimulation, MAPK is translocated to the nucleus, whereas MAPKK stays in the cytoplasm. It has been shown recently that the cytoplasmic localization of MAPKK is determined by its nuclear export sign...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research
سال: 1999
ISSN: 0167-4889
DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4889(99)00107-x